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Scholarly Editing

The Annual of the Association for Documentary Editing

2015, Volume 36

Satire in Circulation: James Russell Lowell's "LETTER FROM A VOLUNTEER IN SALTILLO"

Edited by Todd Thompson and Jessica Showalter
Current Witness: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.

Page Images for this Witness:
green text = presence of punctuation variancered text = presence of substantive varianceblue text = presence of orthographic varianceorange text = presence of formatting alteration

SELECT POETRY.
SOGERING IN MEXICO.
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Substantive Variance

LETTER FROM A VOLUNTEER.
IN SALTILLO.WITNESS: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.LATE FROM MEXICO.
From the Boston Courier.
LETTER FROM A VOLUNTEER IN SALTILLO.WITNESS: National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.LETTER FROM A VOLUNTEER,
IN SALTILLO.WITNESS: Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.Poetry.
From the Boston Courier.
LETTER FROM A VOLUNTEER
IN SALTILLO.WITNESS: Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Miscellaneous.
From the Boston Courier.
FROM A VOLUNTEER, IN SALTILLO.WITNESS: New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.SEEN THE ELEPHANT.WITNESS: Texas Union (San Augustine, TX), October 16, 1847.SELECT POETRY.
SOGERING IN MEXICO.WITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.No. II.
A LETTER
FROM MR. HOSEA BIGLOW TO THE HON. J. T. BUCKINGHAM, EDITOR OF THE BOSTON COURIER, COVERING A LETTER FROM MR. B. SAWIN, PRIVATE IN THE MASSACHUSETTS REGIMENT.WITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.

This
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Formatting Alteration

ThisWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.THISWITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.
kind o' sogerin'
X
kind o' sogerin' WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
aint
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Punctuation Variance

ain'tWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.aintWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
a mite like our October trainin', [1]Annual state militia drill.
X
a mite like our October trainin', [1]Annual state militia drill.WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
A
X

Substantive Variance

Where aWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.AWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
chap could clear right
X
chap could clear right WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
out from there
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Substantive Variance

outWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.out from thereWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
ef
X
ef WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
t
X

Orthographic Variance

itWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.'tWITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.tWITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
only looked like
X
only looked like WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
rainin'.
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Punctuation Variance

rainin',WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.rainin'.WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
An' th'
X

Substantive Variance

Where theWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.An' th'WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
Cunnles
X
CunnlesWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
, too, could
X

Substantive Variance

used toWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847., tu, couldWITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848., too, couldWITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
kiver up their shappoes with bandanners,
X
kiver up their shappoes with bandanners,WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
An'
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Orthographic Variance

AndWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.An'WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
send the insines skootin'
X
send the insines skootin' WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
to
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Substantive Variance

off toWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.toWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
the
X
the WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
bar room
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Punctuation Variance

barroomWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.bar-roomWITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.bar roomWITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
with their banners,
X
with their banners,WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 (Fear o'
X
(Fear o' WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
gittin
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Punctuation Variance

gittinWITNESSES: National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.gittin'WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.
on 'em
X
on 'em WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
spotted,)
X

Punctuation Variance

spotted,)WITNESSES: National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.spotted),WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.
an'
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Orthographic Variance

andWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.an'WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
a
X
a WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
faller
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Orthographic Variance

fellowWITNESS: National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.fellerWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.fallerWITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
could cry quarter
X
could cry quarterWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 Ef he fired away his ramrod arter
X
Ef he fired away his ramrod arter WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
tu
X

Orthographic Variance

tooWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.tuWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
much rum
X
much rum WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
an' water.
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Orthographic Variance

and water.WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.an' water.WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 This sort o' thing
X
This sort o' thing WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
aint
X

Punctuation Variance

ain'tWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.aintWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
jest like
X
jest like WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
thet—I
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Orthographic Variance

that—IWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.thet,—IWITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.thet—IWITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
wish
X
wish WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
thet
X

Orthographic Variance

thatWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.thetWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
I
X
I WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
wuz furder—
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Orthographic Variance

was furder—WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.wuz furder,—WITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.wuz furder—WITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 Nimepunce [2]According to Lowell’s glossary in the 1848 book edition, "ninepence, twelve and a half cents." a day
X
Nimepunce [2]According to Lowell’s glossary in the 1848 book edition, "ninepence, twelve and a half cents." a day WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
fer
X

Orthographic Variance

forWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.ferWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
killin' folks comes kind o' low
X
killin' folks comes kind o' low WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
fer
X

Orthographic Variance

forWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.ferWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
murder,
X
murder,WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
(Wy
X

Orthographic Variance

(WhyWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.(WyWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
I've worked out to
X
I've worked out to WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
slarterin
X

Orthographic Variance

slaughterin'WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.slarterin'WITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.slarterinWITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
some
X
some WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
for Deacon Cephas Billins,
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Orthographic Variance

for deacon Cephas BillinsWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.fer Deacon Cephas Billins,WITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.for Deacon Cephas Billins,WITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
An'
X

Orthographic Variance

AndWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.An'WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
in the hardest times there
X
in the hardest times there WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
wuz
X

Orthographic Variance

wasWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.wuzWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
I ollers tetched ten shillins,)
X
I ollers tetched ten shillins,)WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 There's
X
There's WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
sutthin'
X

Orthographic Variance

somethin'WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.sutthin'WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
gits into my throat
X
gits into my throat WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
thet
X

Orthographic Variance

thatWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.thetWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
makes it hard to swaller,
X
makes it hard to swaller,WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 It comes so nateral to think about a hempen collar; [3]A hangman’s rope.
X
It comes so nateral to think about a hempen collar; [3]A hangman’s rope.WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 It's
X
It's WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
glory,
X

Punctuation Variance

glory—WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.glory,—WITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.glory, WITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
but, in spite
X
but, in spite WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
o'
X

Orthographic Variance

ofWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.o'WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
all my tryin' to
X
all my tryin' to WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
git a
X

Orthographic Variance

gitWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.getWITNESSES: Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.git aWITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
callous,
X
callous,WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 I feel a kind o' in a
X
I feel a kind o' in a WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
cart, aridin'
X

Orthographic Variance

cart a ridin'WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.cart, aridin'WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
to the
X
to the WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
gallus.
X

Orthographic Variance

gallows.WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.gallus.WITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 But
X
But WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
when
X

Orthographic Variance

whenWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.wenWITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.
it comes to bein'
X
it comes to bein'WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
killed
X

Punctuation Variance

killedWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.killed,WITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.
—I tell
X
—I tell WITNESSES: National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
ye
X

Orthographic Variance

yerWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.yeWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
I felt streaked
X
I felt streakedWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
 The fust time ever I found out
X
The fust time ever I found out WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
wy
X

Orthographic Variance

whyWITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.wyWITNESSES: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
baggonets
X
baggonets WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.
wuz peaked.
X

Orthographic Variance

was peaked;WITNESSES: Boston Courier (Boston, MA), August 18, 1847.National Anti-Slavery Standard (New York, NY), August 26, 1847.Liberator (Boston, MA), August 27, 1847.Littell's Living Age (Boston, MA), September 11, 1847.New Hampshire Sentinel (Keene, NH), November 11, 1847.wuz peaked;WITNESS: Meliboeus-Hipponax: The Biglow Papers. Cambridge: G. Nichols, 1848.wuz peaked.WITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.

* * * * *
I spose you think I'm comin' back ez opperlunt ez thunder,
With shiploads o' gold images an' varus sorts o' plunder;
Wal, 'fore I vullinteered, I thought this country wuz a sort o'
Canaan, a reg'lar Promised Land flowin with rum an' water,
Ware propaty growed up like time, without no cultivation,
An' gold wuz dug ez taters be among our Yankee nation,
Ware nateral advantages were pufficly amazin',
Ware every rock there wuz about with precious stuns wuz blazin',
Ware mill-sites filled the country up ez thick ez you could cram 'em,
An' disput rivers run about abeggin' folks to dam 'em;
* * * * * * *
But then, thinks I, at any rate there's glory to be hed—
That's an investment, arter all, thet mayn't turn out so bad;
But somehow, wen we'd fit and licked, I ollers found the thanks
But Kin' o' lodged afore they come ez low down ez the ranks;
The Gin'rals got the biggest sheer, the Cunnles next, an' so on—
We never gut a blasted mite o' glory ez I know on;
* * * * * * *
Wal, arter I gin glory up, thinks I at last there's one
Thing in the bills we aint hed yit, an' thet's the GLORIOUS FUN;
Ef once we git to Mexico, we fairly may presume we
All day an' night shall revel in the halls o' Montezumy.
I'll tell ye wut my revels wuz, an' see how you would like 'em;
We never gut inside the hall; the nighest ever I come
Wuz stan'in' sentry in the sun, (an', fact, it seemed a cent'ry,)
A ketchin' smells o' biled an' roast thet come out thru the entry,
An' hearin', ez I sweltered thru my passes an' repasses,
A rat-tat-too o' knives an' forks, a clinkly-clink o' glasses;
I can't tell off the bill o' fare the Gineral's hed inside;
All I know is, thet out o' doors a pair o' soles wuz fried,
An' not a hundred miles away frum ware this child wuz posted,
A Massachusetts citizen wuz baked an' biled an' roasted;
The on'y thing like revellin' thet ever come to me
Wuz bein' routed out o' sleep by that darned revelee.
X

Substantive Variance


* * * * *
I spose you think I'm comin' back ez opperlunt ez thunder,
With shiploads o' gold images an' varus sorts o' plunder;
Wal, 'fore I vullinteered, I thought this country wuz a sort o'
Canaan, a reg'lar Promised Land flowin with rum an' water,
Ware propaty growed up like time, without no cultivation,
An' gold wuz dug ez taters be among our Yankee nation,
Ware nateral advantages were pufficly amazin',
Ware every rock there wuz about with precious stuns wuz blazin',
Ware mill-sites filled the country up ez thick ez you could cram 'em,
An' disput rivers run about abeggin' folks to dam 'em;
* * * * * * *
But then, thinks I, at any rate there's glory to be hed—
That's an investment, arter all, thet mayn't turn out so bad;
But somehow, wen we'd fit and licked, I ollers found the thanks
But Kin' o' lodged afore they come ez low down ez the ranks;
The Gin'rals got the biggest sheer, the Cunnles next, an' so on—
We never gut a blasted mite o' glory ez I know on;
* * * * * * *
Wal, arter I gin glory up, thinks I at last there's one
Thing in the bills we aint hed yit, an' thet's the GLORIOUS FUN;
Ef once we git to Mexico, we fairly may presume we
All day an' night shall revel in the halls o' Montezumy.
I'll tell ye wut my revels wuz, an' see how you would like 'em;
We never gut inside the hall; the nighest ever I come
Wuz stan'in' sentry in the sun, (an', fact, it seemed a cent'ry,)
A ketchin' smells o' biled an' roast thet come out thru the entry,
An' hearin', ez I sweltered thru my passes an' repasses,
A rat-tat-too o' knives an' forks, a clinkly-clink o' glasses;
I can't tell off the bill o' fare the Gineral's hed inside;
All I know is, thet out o' doors a pair o' soles wuz fried,
An' not a hundred miles away frum ware this child wuz posted,
A Massachusetts citizen wuz baked an' biled an' roasted;
The on'y thing like revellin' thet ever come to me
Wuz bein' routed out o' sleep by that darned revelee.WITNESS: Sunbury American (Sunbury, PA), December 23, 1848.

Notes

  1. Annual state militia drill.Go back
  2. According to Lowell’s glossary in the 1848 book edition, "ninepence, twelve and a half cents."Go back
  3. A hangman’s rope.Go back
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